How Does a Water-Cooled A/C Work?Why doesn't Angie's List rate attorneys?Landscaping: What do your neighbors do that drives you crazy?How much does it cost to be a member here?How much does it typically cost to paint a 2100 square foot house on the exterior? That's very difficult to answer without seeing the house. As one poster said, the prep is the most important part. On newer homes that don't have a lot of peeling paint, the prep can be very minimal even as low as a couple or a few hundred dollars for the prep labor. On a 100 year old home with 12 coats of peeling paint on it, then the prep costs can be very high and can easily exceed 50% of the job's labor cost.A 2100 sq ft two story home could easily cost $1000 just for the labor to prep for the paint job. That number could climb too. Throw in lots of caullking  or window glazing, and you could be talking a couple or a few hundred dollars more for labor. Painting that home with one coat of paint and a different color on the trim could run roughly $1000 or more just for labor.

Add a second coat  and that could cost close to another $1000 for labor. For paint, you may need 20 gallons of paint. You can pay from $30-$70 for a gallon of good quality exterior paint. The manufacturer of the paint should be specified in any painting contract. Otherwise, the contractor could bid at a Sherwin-Williams $60 per gallon paint and then paint the house with $35 Valspar and pocket the difference. $25 dollars per gallon times 20 gallons? That's a pretty penny too. That was the long answer to your question. The short answer is $2000 to $4000 and up, depending upon the amount of prep, the number of coats, the amount of trim, and the paint used.In June 2000, the Government, with the support of EMSD and other bureaux/departments, launched a scheme for wider use of fresh water in cooling towers for energy efficient air conditioning systems (FWCT Scheme) for non-domestic buildings. The FWCT Scheme was launched as a pilot scheme for application in initial 6 designated areas in Hong Kong.

With its acceptance by the trade, it has changed its pilot status to a standing one from June 2008. A recent review was completed in September 2010 to streamline application procedures and requirements of the FWCT Scheme. Owners of non-domestic premises are encouraged to use water-cooled type (such as fresh water cooling towers) instead of air-cooled type for their air-conditioning system for energy efficiency. small window unit air conditionerThey are encouraged to apply for participation in the FWCT Scheme for their fresh water cooling towers installations.ac unit for bus The updated location plans of the designated areas for application are listed at the following:cheap portable ac units for sale For premises located outside the listed designated areas, applications for joining the FWCT Scheme for their fresh water cooling tower installations are also welcomed and will be considered on a case-by-case basis in consultation with WSD on adequacy of fresh water supply.

Addition /extension of designated areas will be considered as appropriate with regard to the applications. The requirements of application and operation of the FWCT Scheme are detailed in the following documents: To promote the proper use of water-cooled air conditioning systems for energy efficiency with regard to the environment and health issues, a set of Code of Practice for Water-cooled Air Conditioning System was promulgated in July 2006 to provide guidelines for the cooling tower design, installation, testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance. The Code of Practice comprises three parts:- Part 1: Design, Installation and Commissioning of Cooling Towers [PDF format (609KB)] Part 2: Operation and Maintenance of Cooling Towers [PDF format (292KB)] Part 3: Water Treatment Methods for Cooling Towers [PDF format (333KB)] Guidance Notes on Code of Practice for Water-cooled Air Conditioning Systems (November 2011) (Rev. 1) [PDF format (429KB)] has been promulgated in November 2011.

It will help readers to have a better understanding on the requirements of CoP(WACS) and facilitate designers of cooling tower installations to meet the requirements. All applications for participation in the FWCT Scheme shall comply with the above Code of Practice for Water-cooled Air Conditioning Systems and guidance notes. Further, all cooling tower installations under the FWCT Scheme shall also comply with the requirements stipulated in the Code of Practice for Prevention of Legionnaires' Disease (2012 Edition) [PDF format (1.48MB)] published by the Prevention of Legionnaires' Disease Committee. The owners of cooling tower installations should maintain proper conditions of the fresh water cooling towers to minimize contamination and nuisances to the public. A guideline on Good Operation and Maintenance Practice of Fresh Water Cooling Towers for Air-conditioning Systems [PDF format (3.17MB)] is compiled based on Part 2 of the above Code of Practice for easy reference.

To facilitate proper operation and maintenance of fresh water cooling towers, EMSD has prepared a video and a sample specification in procuring operation and maintenance services for cooling towers for reference by owners and property management agencies :- Sample Specification for Procurement of Operation and Maintenance Services for Fresh Water Cooling Towers [PDF format (126KB)]The use of air conditioning takes a large proportion of total electricity consumption in Hong Kong, Air-conditioning systems attribute about 30% of the total electricity consumption in Hong Kong. With increasing population and development, the energy consumption of air conditioning systems will likely continue to grow continuously. Cooling or heat rejection process of air-conditioning systems is based on thermodynamic principles and involved heat transfer between fluids. Heat generated from the process is released to the environment. According to the different cooling medium of condenser, air-conditioning systems can be divided into two categories, namely air-cooled and water cooled system.

Currently, majority of the air-conditioning systems in non-domestic premises are electrical motor-driven centralized air-cooled type with fair energy efficiency. Water-cooled air-conditioning systems (WACS) are intrinsically have a higher COP (Coefficient of Performance) than air-cooled air-conditioning systems (AACS). So, conversion of AACS to WACS could therefore result considerable electricity saving. Air-cooled systems are applied in small to medium centralized air-conditioning installations, where convenient and reliable water source is unavailable. It requires more electricity and larger heat exchange surface compared with the water-cooled systems. In Hong Kong, the most widely adopted water-cooled air conditioning systems are the once-through water cooling system and the recirculating water cooling tower system. Once-through water cooling system is applied in large centralized air-conditioning installations in locations where sufficient cooling water is available, such as those along the seafront of Victoria Harbour.

The once-through water cooling system uses seawater to take away heat of condenser and eventually discharge to the sea. If seawater source is not available in close proximity of the air-conditioned premises and the permission of using fresh water for evaporative cooling towers in air-conditioning installations is obtained, the recirculating water cooling tower systems can be used in medium to large centralized air-conditioning installations. In the recirculating water cooling towers, cooling water is cooled when the water droplet is in contact with the air stream and small amount of cooling water is evaporated. Water-cooled air-conditioning system using fresh water cooling towers are generally more energy-efficient, consuming up to 20% less electricity than air-cooled air-conditioning systems. Owners of non-domestic premises are encouraged to use fresh water cooling towers and to join EMSD’s Fresh Water Cooling Towers (FWCT) Scheme for their fresh water cooling towers installations.