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Exclusive Academic Offer Through March 2017 Hioki Launches Super Megohm Meters SM7110 and SM7120 Hioki Opens Middle East Representative Office in Dubai Hioki Launches the Display Unit CM7291 Hioki Launches Battery Tester BT3554 Matelec 2016 - Madrid, Spainhow to determine ac unit size - Oct 28, 2016average new ac unit cost No results were found.american standard ac unit parts The most common used electrical formulas - Ohms Law and combinations Common electrical units used in formulas and equations are: Volt - unit of electrical potential or motive force - potential is required to send one ampere of current through one ohm of resistance Ohm - unit of resistance - one ohm is the resistance offered to the passage of one ampere when impelled by one volt Ampere - units of current - one ampere is the current which one volt can send through a resistance of one ohm Watt - unit of electrical energy or power - one

watt is the product of one ampere and one volt - one ampere of current flowing under the force of one volt gives one watt of energy Volt Ampere - product of volts and amperes as shown by a voltmeter and ammeter - in direct current systems the volt ampere is the same as watts or the energy delivered - in alternating current systems - the volts and amperes may or may not be 100% synchronous - when synchronous the volt amperes equals the watts on a wattmeter - when not synchronous volt amperes exceed watts - reactive power Kilovolt Ampere - one kilovolt ampere - KVA - is equal to 1000 volt amperes Power Factor - ratio of watts to volt amperes Electrical Potential - Ohm's Law Ohm's law can be expressed as: V = R I         (1a) V = P / I         (1b) V = (P R)1/2         (1c) Electric Current - Ohm's Law I = V / R         (2a) I = P / V         (2b) I = (P / R)1/2         (2c) Electric Resistance - Ohm's Law R = V / I         (3a) R = V2/ P         (3b) R = P / I2         (3c) Example - Ohm's law A 12 volt battery supplies power to a resistance of 18 ohms.

I = (12 V) / (18 Ω)     = (A) download Ohm's law as pdf-file Electric Power P = V I         (4a) P = R I2         (4b) P = V2/ R         (4c) where P = power (watts, W, J/s) V = voltage (volts, V) I = current (amperes, A) R = resistance (ohms, Ω) Electric Energy Electric energy is power multiplied time, or W = P t      (5) where W = energy (Ws, J) t = time (s) Alternative - expressed for power P = W / t      (5b) Power is consumption of energy by consumption of time. Example - Energy lost in a Resistor A 12 V battery is connected in series with a resistance of 50 ohm. The power consumed in the resistor can be calculated as P = (12 V)2 / (50 ohm)    = 2.9 W The energy dissipated in 60 seconds can be calculated W = (2.9 W) (60 s)   = 174 Ws, J   = 0.174 kWs   = 4.8 10-5 kWh Example - Electric Stove An electric stove consumes 5 MJ of energy from a 230 V power supply when turned on in 60 minutes. energy to heat water The power rating of the stove can be calculated as P = (5 MJ) (106 J/MJ) / ((60 min) (60 s/min))    = 1389 W    = 1.39 kW The current can be calculated I = (1389 W) / (230 V)   = 6 ampere Electrical Motors Electrical Motor Efficiency μ = 746 Php / Pinput_w         (6) where μ = efficiency Php = output horsepower (hp) Pinput_w = input electrical power (watts) or alternatively μ = 746 Php / (1.732 V I PF)         (6b) Electrical Motor - Power P3-phase = (V

I PF 1.732) / 1,000         (7) where P3-phase = electrical power 3-phase motor (kW) PF = power factor electrical motor Electrical Motor - Amps I3-phase = (746 Php) / (1.732 V μ PF)         (7) where I3-phase = electrical current 3-phase motor (amps) PF = power factor electrical motorHome > NRC Library > Document Collections > NRC Regulations (10 CFR) > § 50.63 Loss of all alternating current power.(1) Each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant licensed to operate under this part, each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant licensed under subpart C of 10 CFR part 52 after the Commission makes the finding under § 52.103(g) of this chapter, and each design for a light-water-cooled nuclear power plant approved under a standard design approval, standard design certification, and manufacturing license under part 52 of this chapter must be able to withstand for a specified duration and recover from a station blackout as defined in § 50.2. specified station blackout duration shall be based on the following factors:

(i) The redundancy of the onsite emergency ac power sources; (ii) The reliability of the onsite emergency ac power sources; (iii) The expected frequency of loss of offsite power; (iv) The probable time needed to restore offsite power. (2) The reactor core and associated coolant, control, and protection systems, including station batteries and any other necessary support systems, must provide sufficient capacity and capability to ensure that the core is cooled and appropriate containment integrity is maintained in the event of a station blackout for the specified duration. The capability for coping with a station blackout of specified duration shall be determined by an appropriate coping analysis. Licensees are expected to have the baseline assumptions, analyses, and related information used in their coping evaluations available for NRC review. (b) Limitation of scope. Paragraph (c) of this section does not apply to those plants licensed to operate prior to July 21, 1988, if the capability to withstand station blackout was specifically addressed in the operating license proceeding and was explicitly approved by the NRC.

For each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant licensed to operate on or before July 21, 1988, the licensee shall submit the information defined below to the Director of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation by April 17, 1989. For each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant licensed to operate after July 21, 1988, but before September 27, 2007, the licensee shall submit the information defined in this section to the Director of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, by 270 days after the date ofFor each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant operating license application submitted after September 27, 2007, the applicant shall submit the information defined below in its final safety analysis report. (i) A proposed station blackout duration to be used in determining compliance with paragraph (a) of this section, including a justification for the selection based on the four factors identified in paragraph (a) of this section; (ii) A description of the procedures that will be implemented for station blackout events for the duration determined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section and for recovery therefrom;

(iii) A list of modifications to equipment and associated procedures, if any, necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, for the specified station blackout duration determined in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, and a proposed schedule for implementing the stated modifications. (2) Alternate ac source: The alternate ac power source(s), as defined in § 50.2, will constitute acceptable capability to withstand station blackout provided an analysis is performed which demonstrates that the plant has this capability from onset of the station blackout until the alternate ac source(s) and required shutdown equipment are started and lined up to operate. The time required for startup and alignment of the alternate ac power source(s) and this equipment shall be demonstrated by test. Alternate ac source(s) serving a multiple unit site where onsite emergency ac sources are not shared between units must have, as a minimum, the capacity and capability for coping with a station blackout in any of the units.

At sites where onsite emergency ac sources are shared between units, the alternate ac source(s) must have the capacity and capability as required to ensure that all units can be brought to and maintained in safe shutdown (non-DBA) as defined in § 50.2. If the alternate ac source(s) meets the above requirements and can be demonstrated by test to be available to power the shutdown buses within 10 minutes of the onset of station blackout, then no coping analysis is required. (3) Regulatory Assessment: After consideration of the information submitted in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, will notify the licensee of the Director's conclusions regarding the adequacy of the proposed specified station blackout duration, the proposed equipment modifications and procedures, and the proposed schedule for implementing the procedures and modifications for compliance with paragraph (a) this section. (4) Implementation Schedule: For each light-water-cooled nuclear power plant licensed to operate on or before June 21, 1988, the licensee shall, within 30 days of the notification provided in accordance with paragraph (c)(3) of this section, submit to the Director of the Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation a schedule commitment for implementing any equipment and associated procedure modifications necessary to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.